The term homeostasis is used by physiologists to mean maintenance of nearly constant conditions in the internal environment. Essentially all organs and tissues of the body perform functions that help maintain these relatively constant conditions. For instance, the lungs provide oxygen to the extracellular fluid to replenish the oxygen used by the cells, the kidneys maintain constant ion concentrations, and the gastrointestinal system provides nutrients (Hall & Guyton, 2011, p. 4). Such kind of homeostatic control system manipulates all sorts of human activities for survival. Hunger, for example, makes us look for food, death makes us avoid danger, and fear makes us seek refuge. Sensations of cold make us seek warmth. Other factors cause us to look for mates and to reproduce. In the meanwhile, the homeostatic control system is also an automatic regulatory mechanism. For example, the abilities to feel through the senses, to react with emotions and to perceive and comprehend things and phenomena allow us to exist in a changeful and diversified environment.

The basic living unit of the body is the cell. The entire body contains about 100 trillion cells. Each organ is an aggregate of many different cells held together by intercellular supporting structures. Each type of cell is specially designed to perform one or a few particular functions. For instance, the red blood cells, numbering 25 trillion in each human being, transport oxygen from the lungs to the tissues. Although the red blood cells are the most abundant of any single type of cell in the body, there are about 75 trillion additional cells of other types that perform functions different from those of the red blood cells. Although the cells of the body often differ markedly from one another in function, all of them have certain basic characteristics that are alike. For instance, in all cells, oxygen reacts with carbohydrate, fat, and protein to release the energy required for cell function. Further, the general chemical mechanisms for changing nutrients into energy are basically the same in all cells, and all cells deliver end products of their chemical reactions into the surrounding fluids. Most cells also have the ability to reproduce additional cells of their own kind. When cells of a particular type are destroyed, the remaining cells of this type usually generate new cells until the supply is replenished (Hall & Guyton, 2011, p. 3).

About 60 percent of the adult human body is fluid, mainly a water solution of ions and other substances. Although most of this fluid is inside the cells and is called intracellular fluid, about one third is in the spaces outside the cells and is called extracellular fluid. This extracellular fluid is in constant motion throughout the body. It is transported rapidly in the circulating blood and then mixed between the blood and the tissue fluids by diffusion through the capillary walls. In the extracellular fluid are the ions and nutrients needed by the cells to maintain cell life. Thus, all cells live in essentially the same environment—the extracellular fluid. For this reason, the extracellular fluid is also called the internal environment of the body. Cells are capable of living, growing, and performing their special functions as long as the proper concentrations of oxygen, glucose, different ions, amino acids, fatty substances, and other constituents are available in this internal environment (Hall & Guyton, 2011, p. 3).

For example, an increase in the body temperature of 11℉ (7℃) above normal can lead to a vicious cycle of increasing cellular metabolism that destroys the cells and cause necrosis. The normal pH value for acid-base balance in the body is 7.4 and lethal values are only about 0.5 on either side of normal. Whenever the potassium ion concentration decreases to less than one-third of normal, a person is likely to be paralyzed as a result of the nerves’ inability to carry signals. Alternatively, if the potassium ion concentration increases to two or more times of normal, the heart muscle is likely to be severely depressed. When the calcium ion concentration falls below about one-half of normal, a person is likely to have experience tetanic contraction of muscles throughout the body because the spontaneous generation of excess nerve impulses occurs in the peripheral nerves. When the glucose concentration falls below one-half of normal, a person frequently develops extreme mental irritability and sometimes even convulsions (Hall & Guyton, 2011, p. 7).

Each functional structure in the human body contributes its share to the maintenance of homeostatic conditions in the extracellular fluid, which is called the internal environment. As long as the normal conditions are maintained in this internal environment, the cells of the body continue to live and function properly. Each cell benefits from homeostasis, and in turn, each cell contributes its share toward the maintenance of homeostasis. This reciprocal interplay provides continuous automaticity of the body until one or more functional systems lose their ability to contribute their share of function. When this happens, all the cells of the body suffer. Extreme dysfunction leads to death; moderate dysfunction leads to sickness (Hall & Guyton, 2011, p. 9).

Homeostatic control systems act mostly by negative feedback, except in some instances by positive feedback and adaptive control. Whether the negative feedback can efficiently maintain constant conditions in the body can be determined by the following formula for calculating the gain of the negative feedback (Hall & Guyton, 2011, pp. 7-8).

The error means that the homeostatic control system is not 100 percent effective in preventing change. Except in some instances useful for the body, almost all positive feedback does not lead to stability but to instability and, in some cases, can cause death. Adaptive control is delayed negative feedback. Basically the brain uses a principle called feed-forward control to cause required muscle contractions. That is, sensory nerve signals from the moving parts apprise the brain whether the movement is performed correctly. If not, the brain corrects the feed-forward signals that it sends to the muscles the next time when the movement is required. Then, if still further correction is necessary, this will be done again for subsequent movements (Hall & Guyton, 2011, pp. 8-9). This adaptive control makes the human body easy to make errors but also able to do further correction.

All biochemical reactions in the New Human Line are completely activated by the Absolutely Constant Energy Source, which can directly convert energy to mass or convert mass to energy. This energy source can also exchange substances or transmit energy with all kinds of substance systems and energy systems. Therefore, it is not restricted by the principles of thermodynamics and can directly activate the processes of all biochemical reactions in the body. This function of utilizing the Absolutely Constant Energy Source to maintain an absolutely constant state in the body is called the Absolutely Constant Control System, which is also the major reason to classify the New Human Line as an organism in the free system of Bodhi Domain.

Based on the different relations between the system and its surroundings, there are three types of systems: when the system has material exchange and energy transfer with its surroundings, it is called an open system; when the system has only energy transfer but no material exchange with its surroundings, it is called a closed system; when the system has no material exchange and no energy transfer with its surroundings, it is called an isolated system. The New Human Line can utilize the Absolutely Constant Energy Source to convert energy to mass or mass to energy, directly exchanging energy or mass with all kinds of substance systems and energy systems, and activating physical variations or chemical reactions in the environments inside or outside the body, so as to induce change in the development trajectory and logical rules of all events and phenomena. For this reason, the New Human Line is assigned as a free system.

	The below experiment was demonstrated by Mr. Yuan Lin, the New Human Line, who utilized the Absolutely Constant Energy Source to directly activate glutamic acid to carry out the conversion of mass to energy or energy to mass to change its mass (concentration) without any change in its molecular weight, structural formula, and conformation, at 25℃,1.0 atm, and pH 7.0, in a confined and isolated space, and with no contact with catalysts, biologically active substances, chemical substances, and physical action forces（p=0.01）. Table 1. Comparison of the absorbance between two treatments at 190 nm
References： Hall, J. E., &  Guyton, A. C. (2011). Guyton and Hall textbook of medical physiology. (12th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Saunders Elsevier. Ahern, K. G., van Holde, K.E., & Mathews, C. K.  (2000). Biochemistry. (3rd ed.). San Francisco, CA: Addison Wesley Longman. Nelson, D. L., & Cox, M. M. (2005). Principles of biochemistry. (4th ed.). New York, NY: W.H. Freeman and company. Stryer, L., Tymoczko, J.L., & Berg, J.M. (2012). Biochemistry. (7th ed.). New York, NY: W.H. Freeman and company.